ALARP(ALARP)
Definition
As Low As Reasonably Practicable — a principle requiring that residual risk be reduced to the lowest level that is reasonably achievable, balancing the cost and effort of further reduction against the benefit gained. The burden of proof lies on the duty holder to demonstrate that further risk reduction is grossly disproportionate to the benefit.
Context
Used in risk acceptance decisions, particularly in the UK HSE regulatory framework and offshore industries. ALARP underpins all risk-based decision-making in asset integrity programs and is the standard against which risk acceptance justifications are evaluated.
Examples
- An operator demonstrates ALARP by showing that adding a secondary containment barrier would cost 10x the expected loss reduction, making further investment grossly disproportionate.
- A risk assessment concludes that a corrosion inhibition program reduces pipeline failure probability to ALARP levels, documented with a cost-benefit analysis.
Applicable Standards
- UK HSE R2P2
- ISO 31000:2018
- IEC 61508
Related Terms
A formal, documented decision to accept a specific risk without further treatment, based on a determination that the risk level is within the organization's risk tolerance criteria or that further risk reduction is not reasonably practicable (ALARP). Risk acceptance requires explicit authorization from a designated decision-maker, documented rationale, a defined review period, and specified conditions or limitations.
Risk ToleranceThe degree of risk that an organization is willing to withstand in pursuit of its objectives, expressed as specific thresholds or boundaries for different risk categories. Risk tolerance defines the upper boundary of acceptable risk — risks exceeding tolerance levels must be treated, transferred, or avoided. Risk tolerance is more specific than risk appetite and is typically expressed as quantitative criteria.
Risk AppetiteThe amount and type of risk that an organization is prepared to seek, accept, or tolerate in pursuit of its long-term objectives. Risk appetite is a strategic, board-level statement that sets the overall tone for risk-taking across the organization. It is broader and more directional than risk tolerance, which provides specific measurable thresholds.
ISO 31000Risk Management standard — provides principles, a framework, and a process for managing risk. It applies to any type of risk regardless of its nature, whether having positive or negative consequences, and can be applied throughout the life of an organization to many activities including governance, operations, and decision-making at all levels.
Where this appears in Reliatic
This concept is used in the Reports module.